MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES

Organizing is the process by managers creates the structure of working relationships between organizational members that allows them to work together and to achieve organizational goals. Manager’s group people into departments according to the tasks performed and delegate authority and responsibility to members. Thus organizing is

• Identifying and classifying the required tasks

• Grouping people into departments and creating the relationship between members

• Delegating authority and responsibility to members

• Co ordination horizontally and vertically in the organizational structure

An organization many be considered as a group of people with defined relationship between each other. It may refer to a collection of people and resources which are gathered together to achieve organizational objectives. Organization may also define as the process of establishing relationships. This relationship is in the form of authority and responsibility. Each member of the organizational structure is assigned with well defined authority and responsibility to achieve organizational goals.

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Decision making involves a choice among alternatives. Decision making should be rational. Decision making may be affected by emotional feelings, interpersonal relationships and sub conscious factors. The efficiency and effectiveness of decision making can be improved by special techniques such as brain storming, group decision making etc.

Many decisions seem to be simple at first glance and may become tedious at further stages. This is due to the reason that decision making considers numerous factors within the organization and from external environment. More intelligence and education can make the decision making process more complex by increasing the awareness of number of factors involved.

• Managerial functions such as planning, organizing, directing and controlling involve decision making.

• Decision making is essential at all levels of management. From top manager to first line supervisors make decisions in their day to day activities.

• Administration is essentially a decision making process.

• Decision making is essential to solve organizational problems, to allocate resources and to accomplish organizational objectives.

• In organization, managers are expected to make decisions as an important part of their responsibilities.

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